Grey Peacock-Pheasant

The Grey Peacock-Pheasant (Polyplectron bicalcaratum) is an elusive and stunning member of the Phasianidae family. Recognized as the national bird of Myanmar, this species is a prime example of the beauty found among upland ground birds. It is known for its shy nature and the magnificent eye-spots that adorn its feathers.

This bird typically reaches a size of 56-76 cm in length. Its primary color is a subtle, mottled grey, which provides excellent camouflage against the forest floor. The most striking feature is the secondary green iridescent ocelli (eye-spots) located on its wings and tail. Males are generally larger than females and possess more vibrant markings and longer tails to attract mates.

The Grey Peacock-Pheasant is native to Southeast Asia, where it thrives in dense, evergreen, and semi-evergreen subtropical forests. They are typically found in the thick undergrowth of hills and mountains, preferring areas with heavy leaf litter and plenty of cover to remain hidden from predators.

As an omnivorous species, the Grey Peacock-Pheasant has a varied diet that includes:

• Seeds and wild grains
• Berries and fallen fruits
• Insects such as termites, crickets, and ants
• Small invertebrates found by scratching through the soil

During courtship, the male performs a lateral display, fanning its tail and wings to showcase the iridescent green ocelli. They are generally monogamous. The female constructs a simple nest, usually a shallow scrape on the ground hidden under dense vegetation or fallen logs, where she typically lays a clutch of two eggs.

True to their classification as upland ground birds, they spend most of their time on the forest floor. They are extremely wary and will run into dense cover at the slightest sign of danger rather than taking flight. They are most vocal during the breeding season, emitting loud, harsh calls that echo through the forest.

The Grey Peacock-Pheasant is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. While they have a wide distribution, they are threatened in certain regions by habitat destruction, deforestation, and localized hunting.

1. It is the national bird of Myanmar (Burma).
2. The genus name 'Polyplectron' means 'many spurs,' referring to the multiple spurs found on the legs of the males.
3. Unlike many other pheasant species that lay large clutches, the Grey Peacock-Pheasant often lays only two eggs.
4. The 'eyes' on their feathers are used not only for mating but also to startle potential predators by mimicking the eyes of a larger animal.

If you are looking to spot this bird in the wild, keep these tips in mind:

• Visit protected forest areas in Thailand, Vietnam, or Myanmar.
• Be patient and quiet; they are easily spooked by sudden movements or loud noises.
• Listen for their distinctive 'quak-quak' calls in the early morning to pinpoint their location.
• Using a bird blind or camouflage clothing can significantly increase your chances of a sighting.

The Grey Peacock-Pheasant is a master of camouflage and display. With its intricate grey patterns and shimmering green ocelli, it remains one of the most fascinating upland ground birds for ornithologists and bird enthusiasts alike. Protecting the dense forests of Southeast Asia is vital for the continued survival of this magnificent species.