common myna

The Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis), a prominent member of the starling family, is one of the most recognizable birds native to Asia. Renowned for its remarkable adaptability to urban environments, this species has successfully expanded its range globally, often becoming a fixture in cities and suburbs.

The Common Myna is easily identified by its brown body, black hooded head, and a distinctive bare yellow patch behind the eye. It features bright yellow legs and a matching bill. In flight, white patches on the outer primaries and white wing linings become visible. Measuring approximately 25 cm, the males and females are similar in appearance and are most frequently seen in pairs.

This species thrives in urban and suburban environments, showing a high tolerance for human presence. While native to Asia—spanning from Iran through the South Asian subcontinent to China—it has become well-established in cities like Canberra. They are equally comfortable at sea level as they are in the foothills of the Himalayas.

Like most starlings, the Common Myna is omnivorous and an opportunistic feeder. Their diverse diet includes:

• Insects: Particularly grasshoppers, which earned them the generic name Acridotheres (grasshopper hunter).
• Small Animals: Arachnids, crustaceans, reptiles, and small mammals.
• Plants: Seeds, grain, and various fruits.
• Human Waste: Discarded food scraps from habitation.

They also serve as important cross-pollinators for flowers such as Salmalia and Erythrina.

Common Mynas are believed to pair for life. They build nests in tree hollows or wall cavities using materials like twigs, roots, and rubbish, including tissue paper and tin foil. A typical clutch consists of up to 6 eggs. Interestingly, they are occasionally targeted by the Asian Koel, which lays its eggs in the Myna's nest.

The Common Myna is known for its aggressive and territorial behavior, often evicting other birds from nesting boxes. On the ground, they walk with occasional hops and frequently follow grazing cattle or fired grass fields to feast on disturbed insects. They are highly social and are typically found in pairs or small groups.

While the Common Myna is not globally threatened and remains abundant in its native range, it is considered a highly successful invasive species in other parts of the world. Its ability to outcompete native birds for nesting sites and food has made it a subject of management in several countries.

1. The name Acridotheres literally means "grasshopper hunter" in Greek.
2. Mynas have been known to use sloughed-off snake-skin as a nesting material.
3. The bird is a significant motif in Indian culture, appearing in ancient Sanskrit and Prakrit literature.
4. They are highly intelligent and can be taught to mimic human speech in captivity.
5. They are one of the few species that thrive specifically because of human urbanization.

To observe Common Mynas, look for them foraging on the ground in grassy parks, gardens, or near outdoor dining areas. They are vocal birds, so listen for their wide array of clicks, whistles, and chattered calls. Because they are often in pairs, spotting one usually means the mate is close by.

The Common Myna is a fascinating example of avian resilience. Whether viewed as a culturally significant bird in its native Asia or a hardy urban survivor, its intelligence and adaptability make it one of the most successful bird species in the world today.