crested serpent eagle

The Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela) is a medium-to-large raptor widely distributed across the tropical forests of Asia. Known for its haunting calls and distinctive appearance, this bird of prey is a vital part of the Indo-Malayan ecosystem.

This eagle stands between 56-74 cm in length. It features a dark brown plumage with fine white spotting on the underparts. Its most defining characteristics include a prominent nuchal crest, bright yellow facial skin (cere), and powerful yellow legs. When in flight, a broad white band is visible across the underside of its wings and tail.

The Crested Serpent Eagle prefers forested habitats, ranging from primary evergreen forests to wooded urban parks and plantations. They are commonly found near water bodies and forest edges throughout South Asia, Southern China, and Southeast Asia.

As its name implies, this raptor is a specialist predator. Its diet primarily consists of:

• Snakes: Both venomous and non-venomous varieties.
• Lizards: Including monitors and garden lizards.
• Amphibians: Such as frogs and toads.
• Small Mammals: Occasionally rodents and small birds.

During the breeding season, these eagles build a relatively small stick nest high in the canopy of a tree, often near a stream. They typically lay a single creamy-white egg, which is incubated primarily by the female for about 35 to 40 days.

They are highly vocal birds, often seen soaring in pairs or alone during the late morning, emitting a distinctive whistling call. They are perch-hunters, sitting motionless on high branches for long periods while scanning the forest floor for movement.

The Crested Serpent Eagle is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. While it remains widespread, its population is susceptible to habitat fragmentation and the loss of forest cover.

1. The eagle's thick scales on its legs provide protection against snake bites while hunting.
2. It is one of the most vocal forest eagles in Asia, making it easier to hear than to see.
3. The white wing band is so distinct that it serves as a primary identification mark for birders from below.
4. Despite being a forest bird, they are remarkably adapted to human-modified landscapes like tea and coffee plantations.

To observe this eagle, visit forest edges or clearings between 10:00 AM and 1:00 PM when they are most likely to soar on thermals. Listen for their loud, three-note whistle, which often gives away their location before they are visible.

The Crested Serpent Eagle is a majestic and resilient raptor. As an apex predator of the Asian woodlands, it remains a symbol of forest health and a highlight for any birdwatching expedition in the tropics.