red headed vulture

The Red-headed Vulture (Sarcogyps calvus), also known as the Asian King Vulture or Pondicherry Vulture, is one of the most striking and recognizable birds of prey in Asia. Once a common sight across the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, this species has faced a dramatic decline, making it a priority for conservationists worldwide.

Measuring approximately 85 cm in length, the Red-headed Vulture is a medium-sized bird of prey. Its most distinctive feature is its vibrant red, featherless head and neck, which can flush deeper during social interactions. The plumage is primarily black, accented by a pale grey band at the base of the flight feathers and prominent white patches on the chest and thighs. They possess a heavy, hooked beak designed for tearing flesh.

The Red-headed Vulture typically prefers open country, including dry deciduous forests, foothills, and well-wooded river valleys. While they can be found near agricultural lands, they are generally more solitary and less likely to inhabit dense urban environments compared to other vulture species.

As a scavenger, the Red-headed Vulture feeds almost exclusively on carrion. They are vital to the ecosystem, consuming the carcasses of both wild ungulates and domestic livestock. Their role as a "nature's cleanup crew" helps prevent the spread of diseases from decaying organic matter.

These vultures are known to build large, flat nests made of sticks, typically situated at the top of tall trees. Breeding pairs are territorial and usually produce a single white egg per season. Both parents participate in incubating the egg and caring for the chick until it is ready to fledge.

Unlike many other vulture species that gather in large, noisy groups, the Red-headed Vulture is often seen alone or in pairs. They are known for being somewhat shy at carcasses, often waiting on the periphery while more aggressive species feed, or arriving early to claim a spot before the crowds arrive.

The Red-headed Vulture is currently classified as Critically Endangered by the IUCN. The population plummeted due to the accidental ingestion of diclofenac, a veterinary drug found in livestock carcasses. Efforts are underway to establish vulture safe zones and captive breeding programs to prevent extinction.

1. It is the only member of the genus Sarcogyps.
2. It is often called the 'King Vulture' of Asia because it was believed other vultures would make way for it at a carcass.
3. Their wingspan can reach an impressive 2 to 2.3 meters.
4. The intensity of the red color on their head is an indicator of their emotional state and health.

• Focus your search in protected national parks in India, Nepal, and Cambodia.
• Scan the tops of tall, isolated trees where they often perch to sun themselves.
• Use a spotting scope for a clear view of their distinct red head without disturbing them.
• The best time for sightings is usually early morning when they begin to utilize thermals to soar.

The Red-headed Vulture is a magnificent raptor that serves as a sentinel for environmental health. Through continued conservation efforts and the elimination of harmful toxins in the food chain, there remains hope for the recovery of this iconic Asian species.